Betelgeuse
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Deep red in colour, Betelgeuse registers a B–V index of 1.5, one of the reddest values among the bright stars and the visual signature of its M-type classification. It is Alpha Orionis, the star marking Orion's shoulder, and glows at apparent magnitude 0.45 from a distance of some 498 light-years. An absolute magnitude of −5.47 reveals an intrinsic luminosity vastly exceeding the Sun's, which is why the star stays conspicuous across such a span of space. Sitting almost on the celestial equator at declination +7°, Betelgeuse is visible worldwide and, with blue-white Rigel opposite, gives Orion its distinctive colour contrast of a fiery shoulder set against a brilliant foot.
Physical Properties
| Spectral Class | M Class M — M-type (Red) |
| Color Index (B−V) | 1.500 |
Observation
| Apparent Magnitude | +0.45 |
| Absolute Magnitude | -5.47 |
| Distance | 498 ly |
| Constellation | Orion |
Position
| Right Ascension | 5h 55.17m |
| Declination | 7° 24.42′ |
Related Chemistry
Explore the chemical elements connected to Betelgeuse on our sister site ChemFYI.
TiO molecular bands dominate M-type supergiant spectra
Iron-group elements produced during advanced shell burning
Abundant in M-type atmospheres, forming TiO and H₂O molecules
Carbon-12 synthesised via the triple-alpha process in the core
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