Barnard's Star vs Rigil Kentaurus

Property Barnard's Star Rigil Kentaurus
Designation N/A Alp1Cen
Constellation N/A Centaurus
Spectral Class N/A Class G — G-type (Yellow)
Apparent Magnitude +9.54 -0.01
Absolute Magnitude 13.24 4.38
Distance 6.0 ly 4.3 ly
Mass N/A N/A
Radius N/A N/A
Temperature N/A N/A
Luminosity N/A N/A

Key Differences

  • Both are among the very closest stars to the Sun, though radically different in character.
  • Rigil Kentaurus (Alpha Cen A) is a G-type solar twin at 4.37 ly; Barnard's Star is an M-type red dwarf at 5.96 ly.
  • Barnard's Star has the largest proper motion in the sky (10.3 arcsec/yr); Rigil Kentaurus also has significant proper motion.
  • Rigil Kentaurus is far brighter and more massive than Barnard's Star.
  • Barnard's Star is the second-closest star system; Alpha Centauri (including Proxima) is the closest.

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